Piaget s Theory Of Cognitive Development - 1100 Words

Piaget s theory of cognitive development, that he developed in 1936, explains how a child constructs a mental model of the world (McLeod). He disagreed with the idea that intelligence was a fixed trait, and regarded cognitive development as a process which occurs due to biological maturation and interaction with the environment (McLeod). â€Å"What Piaget wanted to do was not to measure how well children could spell or solve problems, but was more interested in was the way in which concepts such as the very idea of number, time, etc.† (McLeod). Before Piaget’s work, the common belief was that children are just less capable thinkers than adults. Piaget showed that young children think in very different ways when compared to adults.†¦show more content†¦Equilibration, however, is the force which moves development along. Piaget believed that cognitive development did not progress at a steady rate, but rather in leaps and bounds (McLeod). Equilibrium occurs when a child s schemas can deal with new facts through assimilation. Piaget proposed four stages of cognitive development: sensorimotor stage (birth-2), pre-operational stage (2-7), concrete operational stage (7-11), and formal operational stage (11 to adolescence adulthood). Each child goes through the stages in the same order and child development is determined by â€Å"biological maturation and interaction with the environment† (McLeod). The main achievement during sensorimotor stage is object permanence which is knowing that an object still exists, even if it is out of view. This requires the ability to form a schema of the object. In the preoperational stage, children are able to think about things symbolically. This is the ability to make one thing stand for something other than itself. Thinking is very egocentric, and the kid has trouble taking the viewpoint of others. The concrete operational stage marks the beginning of logical or operational thought. This means the child can work things out internally in their head, rather than physically trying things out. The conservation task is the main achievement inShow MoreRelatedPiaget s Theory Of Cognitive Development1289 Words   |  6 Pagesare many great cognitive theorists, but the one that comes to mind is a development psychologist by the name of Jean Piaget. One of his prized declaration was in 1934, where he declared that education is capable of saving our society from collapsing whether its violent or gradual. Piaget had a key effect on education and psychology, and because of that effect he made many contributions to learning and to cognition. One of most important contribution was a model that was made by Piaget. This modelRead MorePiaget s Cognitive Development Theory1077 Words   |  5 PagesAccording to Piaget (1957), cognitive development was a continuous restructuring of mental processes due to varied situations and experiencing the world and maturing biologically. His view of cognitive d evelopment would have us look inside a child’s head and glimpse the inborn process of change that thinking goes through. â€Å"He was mainly interested in the biological influences on â€Å"how we come to know’† (Huitt and Hummel, 2003). Piaget’s views helps us to have appropriate expectations about children’sRead MorePiaget s Theory Of Cognitive Development1813 Words   |  8 Pages ECH-130 Sociocultural Tables LLlllll Cognitive Development Definition Examples of Application of Concept Strategies to Support and/or Assess Learning Birth to Age 5/Pre-K Piaget Sensorimotor stage: :the first stage Piaget uses to define cognitive development. During this period, infants are busy discovering relationships between their bodies and the environment. Researchers have discovered that infants have relatively well developed sensory abilities An infant who recently learned how to rollRead MorePiaget s Cognitive Theory And Cognitive Development1494 Words   |  6 Pages 1) Examine how Piaget’s cognitive theory can help to explain the child’s behavior. Piaget confirms â€Å"Each cognitive stage represents a fundamentally new psychological reorganization resulting from maturation of new functions and abilities† (as in Greene, 2009, p.144). The case Vignette describes Victors’ stages of development through Piaget’s stages of cognitive development as exhibited behavior that occurred during the sensorimotor, preoperational, as established areas. Victor experienced a normalRead MorePiaget s Theory On Cognitive Development1449 Words   |  6 Pagesstrengths and weaknesses of Piaget’s theory on cognitive development. It will focus on Piaget’s work highlighting positive attributes and how they’re being applied in modern day and also delve on key limitations of the theory. Piaget was a Swiss psychologist who was interested on why children would give similar but wrong answers in an intelligence test (Vidal, 1994). Based on his observations, he concluded that children undergo sequential cognitive d evelopment patterns which occur in defined stagesRead MorePiaget s Theory Of Cognitive Development969 Words   |  4 Pages20th century, the development of psychology is constantly expanding. Erikson and Piaget are two of the ealier well known theorist, both being significant in the field. Their belief s are outlined in Piaget s Cognitive Development Theory and Erikson s Psychosocial Development Theory. These theories, both similar and different, have a certain significance as the stages are outlined.Erikson and Piaget were similar in their careers and made huge progressions in child development and education. WithRead MorePiaget s Theory Of Cognitive Development1519 Words   |  7 Pagesrelates to both Piaget and Vygotskian theories in the sense that they describe how the child s mind develops through different forms of stimuli that occur during early childhood. Piaget s theory focuses mainly on things such as; how children think; how the world around them is perceived and how th e newly found information is explained through the language they use. Vygotsky s theory however differs as the effects of different forms of social interaction occur in cognitive development such as; internalisation;Read MorePiaget s Theory Of Cognitive Development1111 Words   |  5 PagesPiaget’s theory of cognitive development Piaget’s theory of cognitive development was based around his belief that children will develop their intelligence through a series of stages: Sensorimotor (birth – 2yrs), Preoperational (2-7yrs), Concrete Operational (7-11yrs) and Formal Operational (11+). He believed these stages to be invariant, the same stages taking place in a fixed order, and universal, the same for every child regardless of their background or culture. (McLeod, 2015) Piaget believedRead MorePiaget s Theory Of Cognitive Development Essay1790 Words   |  8 PagesCognitive developmental theories provide a framework for understanding about how children act and perceive the world. However, every theory has both strengths and weaknesses. A certain theory may explain one aspect of cognitive development very well, but poorly address or completely ignore other aspects that are just as important. Two well known theories of cognitive development are Piaget’s stage theory and Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory. As I plan to be a pediatric nurse, these two theories willRead MorePiaget s Theory Of Cognitive Development1325 Words   |  6 PagesJean Piaget developed a systematic study of cognitive development. He conducted a theory that all children are born with a basic mental structure. He felt that their mental structure is genetically inherited and their learning evolved from subsequent learning and knowledge. Piaget’s theory is differ ent from other theories and he was the first to study a child’s learning by using a systematic study of cognitive development. His theory was only concerning the learning of children, their development

Activity Based Costing and Job Order Costing Systems Essay

Essays on Activity Based Costing and Job Order Costing Systems Essay ï » ¿To: Joe Morgan, Controller From : Me, Accounting Analyst I have analyzed the relative merits and demerits of ABC costing against job order costing as follows: Job Order Costing: In this system of costing, direct and indirect costs are allocated to batches or jobs rather than time periods. All the direct costs are recorded on job order cost sheets. Indirect factory overheads (both labor and material) are allocated as per predetermined rates estimated in advance. ABC (Activity Based Costing) system: A more efficient concept of allocating costs incurred during a given period, by correlating activities undertaken to the end product / service rendered. ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES Job Order Costing: This system is simple to use so is understood by all It is good when executing continuous uniform batches or large orders The cost of inventory and finished goods is known instantly. Disadvantages: As the overheads are allocated at rates determined in advance, it usually results in under or over allocation which is quantified only at the end of the given period. In case if the difference in the actual overheads and allocated overheads is very high, its absorption becomes very difficult. Cost of each unit in a batch cannot be segregated. ABC : Advantages: It is more accurate method of costing products or services as actual time spent is factored into cost of the output. Unit cost of in each batch is identifiable. It is very easy to pinpoint wastage and take remedial action. Disadvantages: Collection of data can be a daunting and time consuming task. Implementing this new system can prove costly for small enterprises As costs become transparent, wasteful activity managers can become hostile Cost Drivers can be chosen on the basis of the following three criteria: Cause of the cost can be the cost driver e.g., machine or labor hours incurred in conducting the activity. For Pharmafin labor hours incurred in receipt of modules, their production, storage, movement to shop floor, assembly, quality assurance, shifting to loading dock for shipment, would be multiplied with the respective hourly labor rate to see the cost incurred on these activities. Benefit derived can be another cost driver where cause and effect relation cannot be established. Cost of customer sustaining activities of Pharmafin can be determined as per number of customers handled by the sales man. The cost of other activities like facility / entity-sustaining activities of Pharmafin can be allocated based on a reasonable estimate e.g., a proportion of new product sold. Thus all the three drivers would be used to determine the unit cost of the new line of equipment. The Plant Manager of Pharmafin assumes that the new line would entail only minimal changes in tool settings, so no loss of time would occur while rotating jobs. This assumption can be very easily verified by implementing ABC system. It would be impossible to know about lost time in job order costing. Similarly any additional time spent on selling the new line of equipment or handling customer complaints can be easily tracked with ABC system for each unit produced. As job order costing does not capture time value, management would not be able to track the actual unit cost incurred for the new line of equipment and compare it with its price and profitability. The performance of the new line as compared to other older equipment and budgeted target can only be determined on an ongoing basis with ABC system. I hope this memo would help us to take the right decision. Me Accounting Analyst Pharmafin

Bubble Blower free essay sample

Meandering lazily through the air, the crystalline spheres glimmer in the sunlight. They are certainly in no hurry; while they have everywhere to go, they have nowhere in particular to be. As a light breeze whisks by, the little globes dance playfully, bouncing off each other while showing off their marvelous sheen of colors- fuchsia, indigo, teal, and at the precise angle, a shade of deep gold. With no hesitation, a courageous leader begins its journey as it merges gracefully into the distant sunset with its followers at its wake. Pausing only seconds to admire, I create another band of bubbles, fulfilling my most youthful eccentricity. Throughout my life, I have remained oddly and unusually captivated by bubble blowing. At the age of three, I would sit on the heavily worn, wooden bench in my backyard, arms laden with colorful bottles of soapy solution, organizing my collection of assorted magic bubble wands. We will write a custom essay sample on Bubble Blower or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page My spare hours were spent filling the yard with flawless, circular orbs of varying sizes, and watching in amazement as they drifted aimlessly over the neighbor’s roof or swirled together in the wind, creating a mini simulation of a tornado. In elementary school, bubble blowing proved to be the obvious source of my boundless wonder and tendency to question. As I desperately stared after the floating bubbles, curiosity enveloped my mind. I was baffled as I discovered that some bubbles could occasionally land elegantly upon the waxy surface of a leaf, thoroughly intact, while most self-destructed upon touching any object. The thought that the bubbles could be captured with my miracle wand but not with my bare hands was incomprehensible. Why were some bubbles able to reach seeming unattainable heights, while others were destroyed seconds after their creation? Even at the early age of seven, I sought the explanation. The wonder bubble blowing once brought me as a child, has kept with me through the years. As a seventeen year-old, I now understand the science of bubbles, but continue to sift through the infinite pool of questions and the possibilities that they promise. Every answer I find is only the beginning of a new question, another mystery, another unknown to solve and path to create. Just like for a bubble, for me there is always more to explore. Today, I am both the bubble blower and the bubble that is blown. Ten years later, I still follow the path of each bubble I blow. With every breath, I put a piece of myself into the world, watch it drift away, theorize where the breeze will take me and when my destination will be reached. In these moments, I am both the creator and the adventurer, no longer strapped to the laws of the world, but wholly free. I long for the time spent forming questions, seeking answers, losing myself in the wonder of it all. I yearn to observe, to understand every element of the world, to find the reasons as to why it can neve r all be in order. I am not, however, a typical bubble. When crashing into objects, I do not break. Although carried by the wind, I do not wander aimlessly, but rather move with passion, deliberation, and purpose. Unlike most bubbles, when veering off course, I leave myself a path to come back to. I always find my way, although not hurriedly. Unlike any other bubble, I am not trapped by the chemistry of the Earth’s atmosphere. While in the air, I am invincible.